CKD (Chronic Kidney Disease) and Its Clinical Stages

The definition of CKD( chronic kidney disease) is that is a person has more than 3 months symptoms such as proteinuria, hematuria, with or without decreased GFR( glomerualr filtration function), he will be diagnosed with CKD( chronic kidney disease).From this definition, we can find out that besides acute renal nephritis and acute urinary tract infection, most kidney diseases can be called CKD( chronic kidney disease). In China, doctors all follow the following criteria to get a conclusion how serious the patient’s condition is.
The first stage of CKD( chronic kidney disease) is compensation stage of renal insufficiency. In this stage, the damdaged renal units are not more than 50%. Serum creatinine is still in normal range for kidney has a strong ability of compensation. The serum creatinine is 50～80ml/min. Besides increased enuresis nocturna, there is no other clinical symptoms.
The second stage of CKD( chronic kidney disease) is discompensation stage of renal insufficiency. The damdaged renal units rose to more than 50%. The serum creatinine is 50～20ml/min. Serum creatinine is 133～442μmol/L. BUN(blood urea nitrogen) rose to more than 7.1mm01/L. Patients in this stage can feel weakness, and a little anemia, and so on.
The third stage of CKD( chronic kidney disease) is renal failure stage. In this stage, serum creatinine increased to 442～707μmol/L and the serum creatinine decreased to 20～10ml/min. BUN(blood urea nitrogen) rose to more than 179～286mmol/L. Patients with CKD( chronic kidney disease)have anemia, acid base disturbance, electrolyte disturbance and so on.
The end stage of CKD( chronic kidney disease) is uremia. In this stage, the serum creatinine is more than 707μmol/L. The creatinine clearance decreased to below 10ml/min. BUN(blood urea nitrogen)is more than 286mmol/L. patients have obvious acidosis, anemia and serious systematic symptoms.
In China, most people do not have physical examination every year. So, when they can feel the symptoms such as pain in the back, protein in urine, red blood cells in urine, the damage has been serious. What’s worse, some may even be diagnosed with uremia and receive dialysis directly for kidney has strong ability of compensation, which is scary and should have been attached importance to. Late treatment also has difficult in treating CKD( chronic kidney disease) well and the effect may be not so satisfactory. So to assure the effect, people should have physical examination every year because the earlier, the better.